A topographic map is a representation, usually partial, relief of the land surface to a defined scale. Unlike topographic maps, topographic maps represent large areas of territory: a provincial area, a region, country or the world. They include contour lines, which allow to reflect the shape of the Earth's surface.
The use of color in various levels with other symbols and auxiliary lines, can recognize mountains, valleys, rivers, hillocks and other terrain features, also includes information on human constructions, such as towns, roads, bridges, dams , power lines, different place, etc. In
topographic maps should indicate the scale, the direction of true North and magnetic GPS references, symbols, relative to other planes, the agency author and year of manufacture.
One of the possible activities for students in 2nd year of the subject of Geography of Spain could be, among others, the commentary MTN leaf area of \u200b\u200bthe route. Should follow these steps:
A) General:
A.1) Identify the type of source: basic cartography.
A.2) Identification of the sheet: sheet number (in the upper right corner), name (the main population center), edition and date (at the bottom left).
A.3) Identification System projection: the MTN uses cylindrical projection (Universal Transverse Mercator).
A.4) Establishing geographic coordinates: length (its value is indicated in the upper and lower leaf) and latitude (in the left and right).
A.5) An indication of the scale: MTN leaves are carried out at 1:50000 or 1:25000. In the specific case at hand, the MTN50 is Monesterio 0897 and is the 0897-3 MTN25 Arroyomolinos de León, the two 2000 edition.
B) Physical aspects:
B.1) The relief is represented by contour lines in sepia, which join the points at the same altitude and are drawn from 10 in 10 or 20 by 20 meters. Every 50 or 100 meters, the contour is thicker. The closer together the contour lines are, the greater the slope. Should analyze the general topography and the main elements and landforms: plains, mountains, hills, valleys, high and low altitudes, slopes, etc..
B.2) The hydrography, consisting of marine and inland waters (rivers, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds) are represented in blue. Hydraulic works (canals, reservoirs) are diferenciasn natural waters by trazao more geometric and regular. Hydrography must relate to human settlements, land use and its advantages.
B.3) The natural vegetation is represented in green color by special signs explained in the legend of the map. Must be related to topography, hydrography, climate and human use.
C) Human aspects:
C.1) The land uses may be agricultural (agricultural, livestock and forestry), industrial (deductible for signs such as quarries, mines, factories, polygons, lines, electives, etc. ) and tertiary (transport infrastructure-roads, railways, ports, airports, "indicating its category, density and layout in relation to topography and habitat, the leisure facilities, and equipment). For each of these applications must report their location and their characteristics.
C.2) The settlement may be rural (dispersed or concentrated) or urban. In each case, indicate the features of their location and situation and the factors that explain them.
C.3) The toponymy provides additional information on the physical or economic activities past and present. You can rferirse the relief, hydrography, vegetation, agriculture, livestock or other.
MTN sheets on the route you can see this link. Remember MTN50 Monesterio 0897 and 0897-3 MTN25 Arroyomolinos of Lion. Enjoy it!
National Geographic Institute - Ministerio de Fomento
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